EV charging by country – what is simple and what needs more groundwork?
“22 kW AC” does not mean the same process in every country. The hardware is similar, but grid connection, building requirements, decision-making and public charging duties differ.
We keep track of markets and technology and guide the customer to a suitable solution. A solution must be measurable, controllable and integrable.
The 1–5 score is HUBCORE's operational estimate of how smoothly an AC solution of up to 22 kW can be prepared and delivered in practice. It is not an official country rating or an assessment of the quality of national regulation.
Choose a segment
Legend: “Easier”, “Medium” and “More groundwork” are HUBCORE operational estimates, not official country ratings.
Estonia
EasierHUBCORE estimated feasibility: 4.5/5
- Strongest advantage
- A small, digital market plus the 2026 KIK charging infrastructure grant.
- Main complexity
- In older apartment buildings, available capacity and the association's decision can be the bottleneck.
- Apartment building
- In an apartment building there are three questions: how much capacity is free, who pays and how it is metered. Building Code §65¹ requires cabling infrastructure for every parking space in a new residential building served by more than 10 parking spaces. In a KIK 2026 grant project for an association, the supported infrastructure must include dynamic load distribution.
Latvia
EasierHUBCORE estimated feasibility: 4.5/5
- Strongest advantage
- The 2026 building rules make smart charging and load management highly relevant.
- Main complexity
- The building design process and joint-ownership decisions can be substantial per site.
- Apartment building
- Under LBN 200-21 (7 July 2026 version), new residential buildings with more than 3 parking spaces need at least 1 charging point, with 50% of spaces pre-cabled and ducts for the rest. For a renovated residential building, the charging point itself is not always mandatory.
Lithuania
EasierHUBCORE estimated feasibility: 5/5
- Strongest advantage
- A very clear path to using existing capacity without a new grid application.
- Main complexity
- Ordering a new supply or additional capacity increases cost and timeline.
- Apartment building
- ESO describes the same principle for apartment buildings: if the capacity of an existing apartment or shared supply is not changed, no ESO application is needed; if capacity changes, an application is required. ESO recommends dynamic power management.
Poland
More groundworkHUBCORE estimated feasibility: 3.5/5
- Strongest advantage
- A large market and a substantial AC destination and workplace charging segment.
- Main complexity
- Public or service-based charging adds a UDT and EIPA layer.
- Apartment building
- In apartment buildings the main work is technical groundwork and approvals. If charging is offered to residents as a service, review whether the station falls under UDT inspection.
Finland
MediumHUBCORE estimated feasibility: 4/5
- Strongest advantage
- A mature housing-company and commercial property market with regulatory demand.
- Main complexity
- The housing company decision and design process, plus strong local competition.
- Apartment building
- The apartment building market is mature and projects are often larger than in the Baltics. The main work is the housing company decision, design and the billing model.
Sweden
EasierHUBCORE estimated feasibility: 4.5/5
- Strongest advantage
- Strong demand from the 2026 building rules plus the green technology tax reduction for private individuals.
- Main complexity
- The installer registration requirement and a mature, competitive market.
- Apartment building
- A new or rebuilt apartment building with more than 3 parking spaces needs pre-cabling for 50% of spaces, ducts for the rest and at least 1 charging point. The tax reduction does not automatically extend to every multi-household solution.
Germany
MediumHUBCORE estimated feasibility: 4/5
- Strongest advantage
- A very large market and regulation that creates clear need for energy management.
- Main complexity
- Above 11 kW grid operator consent is required and §14a controllability requirements apply.
- Apartment building
- In an apartment building the key question is how several wallboxes fit within the shared connection and how they are controlled. Each point requires notification and, above 11 kW, consent.
Czechia
MediumHUBCORE estimated feasibility: 4/5
- Strongest advantage
- AC destination charging up to 22 kW is a clear segment in a growing public market.
- Main complexity
- Public charging carries reporting and notification duties; construction and grid connection requirements must be verified per site.
- Apartment building
- In an apartment building, use of the shared connection, metering and billing must be agreed. Construction and grid connection requirements must be verified per site and with the distribution operator.
Common EU basis: AFIR (Regulation 2023/1804)
- At a publicly accessible charging point, users must be able to charge ad hoc, without entering into a permanent contract.
- Public points deployed from 13 April 2024 must support electronic payment; for points below 50 kW a compliant secure internet payment or QR solution may be acceptable.
- The price must be clear to the user before the charging session starts.
- We state these requirements conservatively: compliance of each specific point must be confirmed with the operator, the payment provider and the local supervisory authority.
HUBCORE does not claim to be operating or licensed in all of these countries. This is a market and regulatory overview that helps customers and partners plan project groundwork correctly.
A general technical and regulatory overview; the solution for a specific site must be confirmed with the local grid operator, a competent electrical installer and, where relevant, the local authority.